• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    SUMMARY The invention relates to a system (100; 200; 300) for recirculating exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine (2) and a filter device (219; 319; 419; 519) for the system. The system (100; 200; 300) comprises an exhaust line (201; 301) adapted to discharge exhaust gases from the combustion engine (2), a return line (211; 311) through which exhaust gases are recirculated from the exhaust line (201; 301) to the internal combustion engine ( 2) and at least one EGR cooler (215; 315) arranged in the return line (211; 311), in which the recirculating exhaust gases are cooled before being led to the internal combustion engine (2). According to the invention, at least one filter device (219; 319; 419; 519) is arranged upstream of the EGR cooler (215; 315) with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gases. The filter device (219; 319; 419; 519) comprises a fiber filter (421; 521) of silica fibers. The filter is adapted to filter particles Than exhaust fumes. The fiber filter (421; 521) is generally fit with an Open first spirit (423; 523) and a closed second spirit (425; 525). The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine comprising the system and / or the filter device as well as a vehicle comprising the internal combustion engine. With the help of the invention, degradation of the EGR cooler can be reduced.
    公开号:SE1350005A1
    申请号:SE1350005
    申请日:2013-01-04
    公开日:2014-07-05
    发明作者:Astrid Simovits
    申请人:Scania Cv Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a system for recirculating exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, a filter device for the system, an internal combustion engine comprising the system and / or the filter device and a vehicle comprising the internal combustion engine.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND KNOWLEDGE TECHNOLOGY Many modern internal combustion engines have an exhaust gas recirculation system, so-called EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) system. In an EGR system, some of the exhaust gases are led back to the engine to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. The recirculating exhaust gases are mixed with the inlet air to the internal combustion engine before the mixture is led to the cylinders of the internal combustion engine. The addition of exhaust gases in the inlet air gives a lower oxygen content for the inlet air and a lower combustion temperature, which i.a. results in a reduced content of nitrogen dioxide in the exhaust gases.
    Internal combustion engines can be included in several different applications, for example in heavy vehicles, such as trucks or buses. The vehicle can alternatively be a car. Also motor boats, ships, ferries or ships, industrial engines and / or motorized industrial robots, power plants, such as e.g. An electric power plant that includes a diesel generator, locomotive or other application may include an internal combustion engine.
    An EGR system comprises at least one EGR cooler whose purpose is to cool the exhaust gases. For example, the recirculating exhaust gases can be cooled in a cooling water-cooled EGR cooler and / or in an air-cooled EGR cooler. In an air-cooled 2 EGR cooler, the recirculating exhaust gases can be cooled to a temperature close to the temperature of the escaping air.
    An EGR cooler comes into contact with untreated exhaust gases directly from the internal combustion engine and therefore contamination of the EGR cooler is a major problem. The exhaust gases are led through a return line back to the engine and contain soot particles which during the passage through the EGR cooler risk being deposited on the heat-transferring surfaces of the EGR cooler so that soot deposits form. Soot particles contain carbon and carbonaceous particles and the particles may have a sticky surface. Soot coatings on the EGR radiator's heat transfer surfaces collect the radiator's ability to cool the exhaust gases. Insufficient cooling leads to uneven engine performance. Soot deposits can also clog the exhaust gas passageways through the EGR cooler and reduce the exhaust flow through the return line. This can lead to an increased emission of emissions from the internal combustion engine and to an increased back pressure and thereby impaired engine performance. The published Swedish patent application SE 0950427 A1 shows an arrangement for recirculation of exhaust gases in an internal combustion engine. The document shows an arrangement that aims to reduce corrosion problems in EGR coolers. Corrosion is caused by sulfuric acid in the exhaust gases.
    The sulfuric acid is neutralized downstream of the EGR cooler by means of a filter comprising basic material. In this arrangement, however, soot particles are not prevented from passing the EGR cooler.
    SE 528878 02 shows another arrangement where the return line comprises a controlled valve device which enables a relatively large air flow at high speed to be led to pass through the return line and the EGR cooler so that the inner surfaces of the cooler are cleaned of soot coatings. Also in this arrangement, the soot particles are not prevented from passing the EGR cooler.
    There is still a need for a simple solution to reduce degradation of EGR coolers. In particular, there is a great need to reduce the amount of soot particles that come into contact with the EGR cooler so that impaired cooling performance can be prevented and minimized.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to reduce fouling of EGR coolers in an exhaust gas recirculation system of an internal combustion engine.
    In particular, it is an object of the invention to reduce the number of soot particles in the exhaust stream which is led into the EGR cooler.
    It is a further object of the invention to clean the exhaust stream without significantly affecting engine performance.
    It is a further object of the invention to provide a filter device which can be adapted to tight spaces.
    These objects are achieved with a system as defined in claim 1 and a filter device as defined in claim 10.
    According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a system for recirculating exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. The system comprises an exhaust line adapted to discharge exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine, a return line through which exhaust gases are recirculated from the exhaust line to the internal combustion engine and at least one EGR cooler arranged in the return line. The recirculating exhaust gases are cooled in the EGR cooler before being fed to the internal combustion engine. In order to prevent soot particles from passing through the EGR cooler, at least one filter device is arranged upstream of the EGR cooler with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gases. The filter device comprises a fiber filter of silica fibers, which filter is adapted to filter particles from the exhaust stream. The fiber filter is preferably substantially fit with an open first spirit and a closed second spirit.
    By arranging the filter device upstream of the EGR cooler in the system, the soot particles are filtered out at least partially before the exhaust gas flow passes the EGR cooler. This can reduce the contamination of the EGR cooler. According to another aspect, the invention relates to a filter device for the system. In a manner similar to that described above in true bands below the system, the filter device comprises a fiber filter of silica fibers, which filter is adapted to filter particles than the exhaust stream. The fiber filter is mainly fit with an Open first spirit and a closed second spirit. By shaping the filter as a pass, the surface of the filter can be increased in a simple way. The larger the surface area of the filter, the better the degree of filtration can be achieved.
    Fiber-Filter has many advantages. They are flexible and can be easily adapted to tight spaces. Fiber filters are easy to manufacture and can be formed, for example, by compression molding into a desired shape, whereby the adaptation to narrow spaces is further improved. Fiber filters comprise a large number of fibers, a large effective surface being provided for taking the net and trapping soot particles, which can be trapped in tangled fibers and / or stick to the surface of the fibers. As a result, a high degree of purification can be achieved.
    The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine which comprises a system and / or a filter device as above and a vehicle which comprises the internal combustion engine.
    Additional features, purposes and advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 schematically shows a side view of a truck which includes an exhaust gas recirculation system.
    Figure 2 schematically shows an exhaust gas recirculation system according to an embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 3 schematically shows an exhaust gas recirculation system according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 4 schematically shows a side view of a filter device according to an embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 5 schematically shows a cross section of a filter device according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION An exhaust gas recirculation system of an internal combustion engine comprises at least one EGR cooler. An EGR cooler is a device that is designed to cool the exhaust gases with, for example, cooling water or air.
    There are no requirements for particle filtration in an EGR system, as the exhaust gases that pass the EGR system and the internal combustion engine are passed on to further exhaust gas purification. The exhaust gas purification can take place, for example, in a muffler which includes devices for exhaust gas purification. In a recirculation system, a particle filtration rate of about 60-80% is acceptable, whereby the EGR cooler can be at least partially protected from contamination. The degree of filtration can of course be even higher.
    The filter device according to the invention comprises a fiber filter which is manufactured mainly of silica fibers which are thermally metallic and also resistant to various chemicals. Therefore, they are excellent for use in connection with internal combustion engines. Since the silica fibers speak at high temperatures, the trapped and / or stuck soot particles in the fiber filter can be burned spontaneously or in a controlled manner and the filter can thereby be regenerated.
    The silica fibers are preferably of pure silica. An example of fibrous material of this type is supplied by the company Saint Gobain Quartz, for example under a brand name Quartzel® Wool.
    The fibers in the fiber filter can also be coated with a catalytic material in order to be able to burn off particles continuously at relatively low temperatures from 200 ° C to 250 ° C. The catalytic material may be, for example, a noble metal, for example vanadium, radium and / or palladium, or some other catalytic material. 6 The silica fibers are packed to form a fiber filter. By packing is meant that the fibers, which are often delivered as a fiber night in which the silica fibers are arranged randomly, are compressed, for example, mechanically to a desired volume and / or shape. The filter can also be formed by compression molding.
    The fibers in the filter are randomly tangled and form a seam and soot particles, which may have a sticky surface, can thereby both stick to the surface of the silica fibers and become trapped in the formed fiber net. The fibers are also malleable and can take almost any shape and can thus be adapted to different applications. In addition, the fiber filter -Ma pipe hooks and is therefore usable even in such systems that contain pipe hooks.
    In order to obtain such a high degree of filtration as is possible with a fiber filter, the surface of the fiber filter should be maximized and this is achieved according to the invention by forming the filter as a pass, whereby a relatively large filtration surface is obtained. For example, in a type of EGR system, the filter may be substantially circular-cylindrical and have an outer diameter of 100 mm and a length of about 500 mm. This would give an external area of about 0.15 m2. The surface of the filter can be varied, for example, between 0.1 and 0.3 m2, depending on the space in the exhaust system.
    To further maximize the effective surface area, the fibers preferably have a diameter of about 7-10 microns.
    The thickness of the filter also affects the degree of filtration of the filter. The rock thickness of the filter depends on the space of the filter, the air flow in the system in question and the degree of purification desired, but can vary between 10-30 mm and is preferably between 15 and 20 mm.
    An additional parameter that affects the degree of filtration is the porosity of the fiber filter. The porosity defines how much air the fiber filter contains and the porosity is affected by how the fibers in the filter are packed. The more the fibers are packed, the lower the porosity, ie. the less air the filter includes. The porosity is preferably as high as possible, for example between 92-96%, so that the back pressure in the system is not too high. If the porosity is above 96% 7, the risk of the filter being compressed by the exhaust stream increases. The fiber filter can have a porosity between 92-96% so that the back pressure in the system can be kept at an acceptable level.
    The exhaust flow in the EGR system, ie. The EGR river, can vary between about 100-500 m3 / h. At large rivers, the filter can be compressed during operation.
    The open front end of the fit fiber filter preferably has a cross section corresponding to the cross section of the exhaust line and / or the return line and may have, for example, a circular cross section. This facilitates the installation of the filter in standard lines in a desired position. The open duck can also be provided with a flange or equivalent. The flange can be provided with mounting elements to further facilitate mounting and disassembly of the filter device in a conduit. The size and shape of the flange correspond to the shape and size of the line, for example the exhaust line and / or the return line.
    The fiber filter can be surrounded by a metal mesh. The metal mesh gives stability and stability to the filter.
    The filter device can be arranged in the return line of the recirculation system. This embodiment is usable, for example, in a so-called short EGR system, where the exhaust gas is led out in front of a turbine and led back in after a compressor.
    The filter device can also be arranged in the exhaust line. This embodiment can be used, for example, in a so-called long EGR system, where the exhaust gas is led out after the turbine and led in before the compressor.
    The principle of each system is shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.
    The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine comprising a recirculation system and / or a filter device according to any one of the embodiments described above and a vehicle comprising the internal combustion engine.
    The invention is described below with further reference to Figures 1-5. Figure 1 shows a vehicle 1 in a schematic side view. The vehicle 1 is provided with an internal combustion engine 2, which drives the drive wheel 4 of the vehicle 1 via a gearbox 6 and a propeller shaft 8. The internal combustion engine 2 is provided with an exhaust system 10 in which a muffler 12 is arranged. The internal combustion engine 2 is driven by a fuel 14, which is fed to the internal combustion engine 2 with a fuel system 16 comprising a fuel tank 18. An exhaust gas recirculation system (EGR system) 100 is provided at the internal combustion engine 2.
    Figure 2 simply shows a recirculation system (EGR system) 200 for exhaust gases. The EGR system is a so-called short EGR system. In the system 200, exhaust gases from the cylinders 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f (2a-2f) of the internal combustion engine 2 are led via an exhaust collector (not shown) to an exhaust line 201. The exhaust gases are then passed through a turbine 203, which receives a driving force which is transmitted via a connection to a compressor 205. The compressor 205 can thereby compress air which is led via an inlet line 207 to the internal combustion engine 2.
    The inlet line 207 comprises a charge air cooler 209 for cooling the compressed air before it is led to the internal combustion engine 2 and cylinder 2a-2f, respectively, via a branch (not shown).
    The system further comprises a return line 211 which has the task of recirculating a part of the exhaust gases Than the exhaust line 201. The return line 211 comprises a valve device 213 connected to an electrical control unit (not shown), which controls the valve device 213 in a desired manner during the operation of the combustion engine 2. The return line comprises an EGR cooler 215 and an EGR mixer 217 by means of which the recirculated exhaust gases can be mixed with the compressed air in the inlet line 207. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the return line 211 comprises a filter device 219 upstream of, i.e. for the EGR cooler 215.
    Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the system according to the invention, a so-called long EGR system 300. In the system 300, exhaust gases from the cylinders 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f (2a-2f) of the internal combustion engine are led via an exhaust collector ( not shown) to an exhaust line 301. The exhaust gases are then led 9 through a turbine 303, which receives a driving force and which is transmitted via a connection 304 to a cone compressor 305. The compressor 305 can then compress the air flow from the inlet 306 which is led in via an inlet line 307. The air flow passing through the inlet 306 is controlled by means of an inlet valve 308 which regulates the intake of air via an inlet 306 to the internal combustion engine 2. The inlet line 307 comprises a charge air cooler 309 for cooling the compressed air before it is led to the internal combustion engine 2 via cylinder 2 and 2 respectively. a branch (not shown).
    The system further comprises a return line 311 which has the task of recirculating a part of the exhaust gases from the exhaust line 301. A valve device 317 is arranged between the exhaust line 301 and the return line 311 for controlling which part of the exhaust gases is recirculated and which part is led out of the system. The part of the exhaust gases which is not circulated is led out of the recirculation system via the valve device 317. This is shown in Figure 3 by means of an arrow to the right of the valve device 317. Further in the embodiment shown in Figure 3 the filter device 319 is included in the exhaust line 301 upstream of the EGR. the cooler 315.
    The filter device according to an embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 4. The filter device 419 comprises a fiber filter 421. The fiber filter 421 is adapted to filter particles from the exhaust stream by the particles getting stuck in the fibers of the fiber filter. The fiber filter 421 in the filter device 419 is substantially fit and has an open first spirit 423 and a closed second spirit 425. The fiber filter is surrounded by a metal mesh 427. The exhaust gases flow in through the open spirit 423 of the filter device 419 and out through the closed second spirit 425.
    The filter device 419 may further comprise a flange 431 around the open end 423 of the fiber filter 421. The flange 431 facilitates mounting of the filter device 419 in a desired position in a conduit in the recirculation system according to the invention. The size and shape of the flange correspond to the size and shape of the pipe.
    Figure 5 shows in cross section another embodiment of a filter device 519. The filter device comprises a fiber filter 521. The fiber filter 521 is fitted and has an open first end 523 and a closed second end 525. The soot particles can adhere to the relatively large surface of the whole filter which includes the fiber filter. 521 inner surface 526 and also partly the inner volume. The fiber filter 521 also has an outer surface 528. When a high degree of filtration is to be achieved, the particles should not migrate through the entire filter even to the outer surface 528, but the particles should stick to the inner surface of the filter and in the internal volume. When a lower filtration rate of about 60-80% is acceptable, some of the particles may migrate through the filter.
    The exhaust gases flow in through the open end 523 of the filter device 519 and out through the closed second end 525. The filter device 519 also comprises a tubular rocker element 533 which is provided with flanges 531, 531 'or the like on its spirits. The flange 531 surrounds the open end 523 of the fiber filter 521 6 and the flange 531 'is placed at the closed end 525 of the fiber filter. The flanges 531 and 531' may comprise mounting elements such as screws or the like. The flanges facilitate mounting of the filter device 519 in a desired position in a conduit in the recirculation system according to the invention and the flanges have a size and shape corresponding to the cross section of the conduit.
    The filter device with a fiber filter described above is suitable for use in several different EGR systems. An example of a system is a system with an EGR flow of 100 - 300 m3 / h. These EGR rivers are found above all on smaller engines, ie. engines with a cylinder volume of less than 10 dm3, especially during so-called bus operation.
    In a system that has an EGR flock of 100 - 300 m3 / h, the surface of the fiber filter can be about 0.15 m2, which meant that the filter has an outer diameter of about 100 mm and a length of about 500 mm. The thickness can be about 15 mm to achieve a filtration degree of soot particles of about 60-80%. The porosity of the fiber filter can be about 92-96%. With these dimensions, a degree of filtration of about 60-11 80% is achieved, the back pressure in the system becomes acceptable and performance is not increased.
    The above examples and embodiments of the invention, but the invention may be varied freely within the scope of the internal combustion engine without limiting the scope of the claims. 12
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]
    A system (100; 200; 300) for the recirculation of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine (2), the system (100; 200; 300) comprising an exhaust line (201; 301) which is adapted to discharge exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine (2). , a return line (211; 311) through which exhaust gases are recirculated from the exhaust line (201; 301) to the internal combustion engine (2) and at least one EGR cooler (215; 315) son is arranged in the return line (211; 311), in which the recirculating the exhaust gases are cooled before being led to the internal combustion engine (2), characterized in that at least one filter device (219; 319; 419; 519) is arranged upstream of the EGR cooler (215; 315) with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gases, which filter device (219; 319 ; 419; 519) comprises a fiber filter (421; 521) of silica fibers, the fiber filter being adapted to filter particles from the exhaust stream;
    [2]
    System according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber filter (421; 521) in the filter device (219; 319; 419; 519) is substantially fit and has an open first spirit (423; 523) and a second closed spirit (425; 525). ).
    [3]
    System according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the silica fibers are coated with a catalytic material, such as noble metal.
    [4]
    A system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the fibers have a diameter of about 7-10 μm.
    [5]
    System according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the open first end (423; 523) of the fiber filter (421; 521) has a cross section corresponding to the cross section of the exhaust line and / or the return line.
    [6]
    A system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber filter (421; 521) is surrounded by a metal mesh (427).
    [7]
    A system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter device (219; 319; 419; 519) comprises at least one flange 13 (431; 531; 531 ') with mounting elements, which flange (431; 531; 531') deflects the fiber filter (421; 521) Open the first spirit (423; 523) and have a shape and size corresponding to the shape and size of the exhaust line and / or return line.
    [8]
    A system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter device (219; 319; 419; 519) is arranged in the return line (211; 311).
    [9]
    A system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the filter device is arranged in the exhaust line (201; 301).
    [10]
    A filter device (219; 319; 419; 519) for a system (100; 200; 300) according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the filter device (219; 319; 419; 519) comprises a fiber filter (421; 521) of silica fibers, which filter is adapted to filter particles from the exhaust stream, the fiber filter (421; 521) being substantially fit with an Open first spirit (423; 523) and a closed second spirit (425; 525).
    [11]
    Filter device according to claim 10, characterized in that the silica fibers are coated with a catalytic material, such as noble metal.
    [12]
    Filter device according to any one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the fibers have a diameter of about 7-10 μm.
    [13]
    Filter device according to one of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the open first end (423; 523) of the fiber filter (421; 521) has a cross section corresponding to the cross section of the exhaust line and / or the return line.
    [14]
    A filter device according to any one of claims 10-13, characterized in that the filter device is provided with at least one flange (431; 531; 531 ') to facilitate mounting of the filter device (219; 319; 419; 519) in a conduit and has a shape and size corresponding to the shape and size of the line.
    [15]
    Filter device according to any one of claims 10-14, characterized in that the fiber filter (421; 521) is surrounded by a metal mesh (427).
    [16]
    Internal combustion engine (2), characterized in that the engine (2) comprises a recirculation system (100; 200; 300) according to any one of claims 1-9. 14 jsmotor (2), characterized in that the motor (2) comprises ing (219; 319; 419; 519) according to any one of claims 10-15. ) characterized in that the vehicle (1) comprises motors (2) according to any one of claims 16 or
    [17]
    17. 1/4 200 2/4 2 ° 4--207_, 219 1 ............... 209, 2 217207 Figure 2 0 203 <„- 211 111 213 --- - 201 3/4 309 -I .1- 304 2 -J 301 T 303, 308 301 319 .r 3 '- \ • ----- 317 311 Figure 3 4/4 Figure 4 Figure 423 „VA 1 vN 1/41 427 431 - 523. / t 526
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    同族专利:
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    WO2014107130A1|2014-07-10|
    SE538192C2|2016-03-29|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE10031154A1|2000-06-27|2002-01-10|Siegfried Kany|Soot filter used in diesel engines comprises hollow cylindrical filter insert consisting of threads and/or yarn formed from silicon dioxide endless fibers|
    DE202006015784U1|2006-10-12|2008-02-14|Mann + Hummel Gmbh|filtering device|
    DE102008031657A1|2008-07-03|2010-01-07|Volkswagen Ag|Exhaust converter for exhaust system for catalytic after treatment of combustion engine exhaust gases, has converter housing and carrier body arranged in converter housing|
    DE102008038736A1|2008-08-12|2010-02-18|Man Nutzfahrzeuge Aktiengesellschaft|Particle separator, in particular particle filter, for the separation of particles from the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine|
    DE102008038235A1|2008-08-18|2010-02-25|Mahle International Gmbh|Internal combustion engine|
    DE102009043577B4|2008-10-01|2014-01-23|Witzenmann Gmbh|Decoupling element with a filter element|
    DE202011100884U1|2011-05-18|2012-08-20|Witzenmann Gmbh|Filter and filter element for the exhaust system of a motor vehicle|US9528475B2|2014-11-11|2016-12-27|Ford Global Technologies, Llc|Method and system for EGR control|
    DE102015217541B4|2015-09-14|2017-04-06|Magna powertrain gmbh & co kg|Radiator arrangement for a motor vehicle|
    法律状态:
    2018-08-28| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1350005A|SE538192C2|2013-01-04|2013-01-04|Exhaust gas recirculation system of an internal combustion engine and filter device for the system|SE1350005A| SE538192C2|2013-01-04|2013-01-04|Exhaust gas recirculation system of an internal combustion engine and filter device for the system|
    PCT/SE2013/051530| WO2014107130A1|2013-01-04|2013-12-17|System for recirculation of exhaust from a combustion engine and filter device for such a system|
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